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春社日

2018-05-27 17:40:23| 分类：通书解读 | 标签： |举报 |字号大中小订阅

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"春社"、"秋社"，系古时所祀之土地神，祭日称为"社日"，亦为一般民俗节日。"春社、秋社"分别在"立春、立秋后第五个'戊日'"。《岁时广记·二社日》载："《统天万年历》曰：立春后五戊为春社，立秋后五戊为秋社。"《荆楚岁时记》："社日，四邻并结综会社牲醪，为屋于树下，先祭神，然后飨其胙。"杜甫《遭田父泥饮美严中丞》诗："田翁逼社日，邀我尝春酒。"张演《社日》诗："桑柘影斜春社散，家家扶得醉人归。"宋孟元老《东京梦华录》卷入"秋社"曰："八月秋社，各以社糕、社酒相赍送。韩《不见》诗云："此身愿作君家燕，秋社归时也不归。"由此可见唐宋时"社日"情形。　　客家地区，古时也有"春秋二社"的民俗，节日活动。至今仍流传有"做社"、"敬社神"、"煮社粥"的说法；在"葬地"后，也还有"拦社"之俗。以上所说的"社"，就是这个"社"字，切勿把"拦社"说成"拦沙"。　　今年的"春社"和"秋社"是何月何日呢？根据自古相传"春社、秋社分别在立春、立秋后第五个戊日"的规定，按《上下二百年万年历》查出：　　今年（2007年丁亥岁），"立春"后第五个"戊日"为农历二月初七戊午（公历3月25日）为"春社"。　　"立秋"后第五个"戊日"为农历八月十一戊午（公历9月21日）为"秋社"。　　［注］古时所祭"社神"，包括"社官"、"公王"、"土地"、"山神"、"龙神"等。而"春秋二祭"所祭的是自己的历代祖先之坟墓。

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